What is gibbus?

“Gibbus” is derived from Latin “gibbosus”, meaning “humpbacked”. The term Gibbus is most frequently used in English (spelled gibbous) to describe the lunar phase between half and full when the moon is convex on both sides, giving it a “hump” shape.


What does gibbus deformity mean?

Gibbus deformity is defined by the collapse of one or more vertebral bodies, which results in kyphosis and is often the consequence of infection, metabolic, or congenital irregularities in the vertebrae.

What is structural kyphosis?

Structural kyphosis, known as Scheuermann's kyphosis, is defined as rigid. The front sections of the vertebrae grow slower than the back sections. The abnormal kyphosis is best viewed from the side in the forward-bending position where a sharp, angular abnormal kyphosis is clearly visible.


How does TB cause kyphosis?

Tuberculosis preferentially affects the anterior elements of the vertebral column in more than 90% of patients. Although chemotherapy may inactivate the infection, vertebral collapse continues until the healthy vertebral bodies in the region of the kyphosis approximate anteriorly and consolidate.

What is dorsal spine?

Thoracic spine is the central part of the spine, also called as dorsal spine, which runs from the base of the neck to the bottom of your rib cage.


Tuberculous Spondylitis: Overview and Treatment



What are the 7 positions of the spine?

The 7 Directions of Spinal Movement
  • Flexion (Forward Folds) Forwards folds round the spine and help us bend down to grab things off the ground. ...
  • Extension (Back bend) ...
  • Lateral (Sideband right & left) ...
  • Rotation (Twist right & left) ...
  • Axial extension (Lengthen) ...
  • Assess your daily spinal movement patterns.


What are the 5 parts of the spine?

The vertebrae are numbered and divided into regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx (Fig. 2). Only the top 24 bones are moveable; the vertebrae of the sacrum and coccyx are fused.

Is TB in spine curable?

Yes, spinal TB is curable if detected early and provided with proper medicinal compliance. According to experts, it may take 20 to 24 months of different antibiotics treatment along with therapy to get rid of spinal TB.


How do you get TB in the spine?

Spinal involvement is usually a result of hematogenous spread of M. tuberculosis into the dense vasculature of cancellous bone of the vertebral bodies. The primary infection site is either a pulmonary lesion or an infection of the genitourinary system. Spread occurs either via the arterial or the venous route.

Can spinal TB cause death?

If proper medical attention is not received, TB can be fatal. Spinal tuberculosis, if left untreated, can spread from one vertebra to the next, weakening the bones and destroying the cushioning discs between the discs.

What is the difference between gibbus and kyphosis?

A gibbus deformity is a form of structural kyphosis. The posterior (from behind) curve presents sharply angled; the curvature is not smooth. This deformity may result in a humpback found to be more prominent when bending forward. This term is used to describe 'excessive' (hyper) curvature exceeding the normal range.


What are the 3 types of kyphosis?

The three most common types of kyphosis are postural kyphosis, Scheuermann's kyphosis and congenital kyphosis.

What are the 2 types of kyphosis?

What are the different types of kyphosis?
  • Postural Kyphosis. Postural kyphosis, or postural roundback, is thoracic kyphosis greater than 50 degrees with normal-shaped vertebrae. ...
  • Scheuermann's Kyphosis. ...
  • Congenital Kyphosis. ...
  • Exercise. ...
  • Bracing. ...
  • Surgery.


What causes gibbus?

The most common cause of Gibbus deformity is tuberculosis osteomyelitis (1), although it may also result from metabolic disorders or congenital syndromes such as achondroplasia or cretinism and therefore is more common in children than adults.


How do you treat flat back syndrome?

Procedures that treat flatback syndrome include osteotomy and pedicle subtraction osteotomy. In these procedures, a surgeon removes bone from the back of the lumbar spinal column. The surgeon can realign the bones of the spinal column, introducing the necessary lordosis.

What is the hunchback syndrome called?

An increased front-to-back curve of the spine is called kyphosis. Kyphosis is an exaggerated, forward rounding of the upper back. In older people, kyphosis is often due to weakness in the spinal bones that causes them to compress or crack.

What are the 5 causes of TB?

Risk factors for TB include:
  • Poverty.
  • HIV infection.
  • Homelessness.
  • Being in jail or prison (where close contact can spread infection)
  • Substance abuse.
  • Taking medication that weakens the immune system.
  • Kidney disease and diabetes.
  • Organ transplants.


Can bone TB spread to others?

While pulmonary TB (lung) can spread through the air, bone TB is not contagious unless you come in contact with a patient's pus. TB of the bone doesn't show classic symptoms such as weight loss or fever, making diagnosis difficult.

Can spine TB cured without surgery?

If spinal TB is diagnosed in the early stages, it can be cured only with medicines alone. 95% of the patients get cured without surgical intervention. Early diagnosis is needed to prevent permanent neurological disability and to minimize spinal deformity.

Can spine TB patient walk?

If the back pain worsens, the patient may be unable to stand or walk without experiencing numbness, discomfort, or weakness in the legs, among other symptoms. Other spine TB symptoms include: Tenderness in the back area. Spinal deformity.


Can MRI detect bone TB?

MRI offers excellent visualization of the bone and soft tissue components of spinal tuberculosis and helps to identify disease at distant asymptomatic sites. CT is useful in assessing bone destruction, but is less accurate in defining the epidural extension of the disease and therefore its effect on neural structures.

Is spinal TB painful?

Tuberculous spondylitis is a very rare disease, but it can result in bone destruction, kyphotic deformity, spinal instability, and neurologic complications unless early diagnosis and proper management are done. Because the most common symptom of tuberculous spondylitis is back pain, it can often be misdiagnosed.

What part of the spine hurts the most?

The thoracic spine can also be a site of spinal pain, but because it is much more rigid, the thoracic spinal area is much less frequently injured than the lumbar and cervical spine. The lumbar and cervical spine are prone to strain because of its weight-bearing function and involvement in moving, twisting and bending.


What is the most injured part of the spine?

Further, people often injure their lower back during car accidents. All these factors make the lumbar spine the most commonly injured region of the spinal cord. The cervical area is at the top of the spine and is the second most prone to injury.

What are the 12 vertebrae called?

Your thoracic spine consists of 12 vertebrae numbered T1 to T12. Each number corresponds with the nerves in that section of your spinal cord, as well. These nerves branch off of your spinal cord and supply sensation (feeling) and movement to certain areas of your body.