Can leukemia be missed in a CBC?

CBC is the most useful initial laboratory test in patients suspected of having leukemia. Most patients will show some abnormality in the CBC and some blasts will be seen in the peripheral smear in patients with acute leukemias. To diagnose CLL, a lymphocytosis of greater than 5000/mm3 must be present.


Can you have leukemia with a normal CBC?

Sometimes a patient with acute leukemia has no symptoms or has normal blood work even a few weeks or months before the diagnosis.

Can leukemia be missed on bloodwork?

In some cases, your doctor might order bone marrow testing even though your blood tests didn't indicate leukemia. That's because in some types of leukemia, cancer cells stay in the bone marrow and don't circulate in the blood.


Does a CBC always detect leukemia?

Leukemia is most often diagnosed through a diagnostic test called a complete blood count (CBC). If a patient's CBC shows abnormal levels of white blood cells or abnormally low red blood cells or platelets, he or she has leukemia. The physician will then order a bone marrow biopsy to determine the type of leukemia.

What tests confirm leukemia?

A blood test showing an abnormal white cell count may suggest the diagnosis. To confirm the diagnosis and identify the specific type of leukemia, a needle biopsy and aspiration of bone marrow from a pelvic bone will need to be done to test for leukemic cells, DNA markers, and chromosome changes in the bone marrow.


How is Leukemia Diagnosed?



What are the first signs of having leukemia?

Common leukemia signs and symptoms include:
  • Fever or chills.
  • Persistent fatigue, weakness.
  • Frequent or severe infections.
  • Losing weight without trying.
  • Swollen lymph nodes, enlarged liver or spleen.
  • Easy bleeding or bruising.
  • Recurrent nosebleeds.
  • Tiny red spots in your skin (petechiae)


What labs are off with leukemia?

Complete blood count (CBC): This blood test lets your healthcare provider know if you have abnormal levels of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. If you have leukemia, you'll likely have higher than normal counts of white blood cells.

What diseases mimic leukemia?

Leukemia is commonly misdiagnosed as the following conditions:
  • Influenza.
  • Fever.
  • Pathological fracture.
  • Bleeding disorders.
  • Immune thrombocytopenic purpura.
  • Trypanosomiasis.
  • Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome.


Does leukemia always have high WBC?

No. Leukocytosis refers to a high white blood cell count, which can occur for a number of reasons. Rarely, a high white blood cell count can be a symptom of certain blood cancers, such as acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

What cancers show up in CBC?

Blood cancer is the most suspicious type of cancer as a result of abnormal CBC reports.
...
Leukemia:
  • Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
  • Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
  • Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
  • Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
  • Hairy Cell Leukemia.


Will WBC be low with leukemia?

In leukemia, your body makes abnormal blood cells that multiply and divide. The abnormal cells eventually outnumber healthy cells, including healthy white blood cells. That leaves your body with lower-than-normal levels of white blood cells or leukopenia.


What kind of WBC is increasing in leukemia?

The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society notes that the increase in the number of immature WBCs prevents the bone marrow from making healthy red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets. Therefore, in addition to increasing the WBC count, CML may cause a decrease in the RBC count.

How quickly does leukemia develop?

Chronic leukemia usually gets worse slowly, over months to years, while acute leukemia develops quickly and progresses over days to weeks. The two main types of leukemia can be further organized into groups that are based on the type of white blood cell that is affected — lymphoid or myeloid.

How do you rule out leukemia?

By looking at a sample of your blood, your doctor can determine if you have abnormal levels of red or white blood cells or platelets — which may suggest leukemia. A blood test may also show the presence of leukemia cells, though not all types of leukemia cause the leukemia cells to circulate in the blood.


Are there warning signs for leukemia?

Unlike symptoms of the flu, which generally subside as you get better, leukemia symptoms generally last longer than two weeks, and may include sudden weight loss, bone and joint pain and easy bleeding or bruising. Other early warning signs of leukemia include: Fever, chills. Fatigue, weakness.

What else has the same symptoms as leukemia?

  • Alcoholism.
  • Alzheimer's Disease.
  • Amenorrhea.
  • Amyloidosis.
  • Anorexia Nervosa.
  • Bulimia Nervosa.
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
  • Cirrhosis.


What does a CBC look like with leukemia?

Understanding your blood count test results

If you have leukemia, your blood cells count will likely show higher than usual levels of white blood cells, which include leukemic cells. You may also have lower than usual red blood cell and platelet cell counts.


What is the most common way to diagnose leukemia?

How is leukemia diagnosed? A diagnosis of leukemia is usually made by analyzing a patient's blood sample through a complete blood count (CBC) or microscopic evaluation of the blood, or by using flow cytometry.

What happens in Stage 1 of leukemia?

Stage 1 – A patient has high levels of white blood cells and enlarged lymph nodes. Stage 2 – A patient has high levels of white blood cells and is anemic. He or she may also have enlarged lymph nodes. Stage 3 – A patient has high levels of white blood cells and is anemic.

What hurts if you have leukemia?

Leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) can cause bone or joint pain, usually because your bone marrow has become overcrowded with cancer cells. At times, these cells may form a mass near the spinal cord's nerves or in the joints.


What are the biggest signs of leukemia?

  • Night sweats.
  • Discomfort in bones or joints.
  • Enlarged spleen, liver or lymph nodes.
  • Pain or feeling of fullness below the ribs.
  • Unexplained weight loss or loss of appetite.
  • Wheezing, coughing or painful breathing.


Where does leukemia usually begin?

Leukemia starts in the soft, inner part of the bones (bone marrow), but often moves quickly into the blood. It can then spread to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, central nervous system and other organs.

Where does ALL leukemia start?

ALL starts in the bone marrow (the soft inner part of certain bones, where new blood cells are made). Most often, the leukemia cells invade the blood fairly quickly.


What is an alarming WBC count?

A blood test that shows a WBC count of less than 4,000 per microliter (some labs say less than 4,500) could mean your body may not be able to fight infection the way it should.

How can I test for leukemia at home?

So while you may be able to see if you have genetic markers for future cancer development, there's currently no home test available that can tell you whether you have leukemia currently. Possible tests available for home use can give you an idea of your overall health and risk factors, but they can't diagnose leukemia.